Hlutr

Old Norse Dictionary - hlutr

Meaning of Old Norse word "hlutr" in English.

As defined by the Cleasby & Vigfusson Old Norse to English dictionary:

hlutr Old Norse word can mean:

hlutr
m., the original form was diphthongal, hlautr, like the Gothic, as is borne out by the kindred and derivative words hlaut, hleyti, q. v.; the acc. was weakened into o, hlotr, FmS. xi. 128; and lastly into u, hlutr; old nom. pl. hlotar, Jómsv. S. l. c., but commonly hlutir; gen. sing. hlutar: [Goth. hlauts = κληρος, Mark xv. 24, Col. i. 12, EpheS. i. 11, Luke i. 9; A. S. and Hel. hlot; Engl. lot; Germ. loos; Dan. lod; Swed. lott; the Goth., Germ., and earliest Scandin. have a long vowel, and prob. also A. S. and O. H. G. (hlôt, not hlot); the Ormul. spells lott with a short vowel, as is the case also in Icel., Dan., Swed., and Engl.]
hlutr
A. A lot; the ceremony of drawing lots was like that described in Homer; each party marked his lot (skera or marka hluti), which was then thrown into a sheet (lap of a garment, bera or leggja hluti í skaut), and a third person came and drew a lot out; (it was not thrown out by shaking.) This drawing of lots was originally a sacred ceremony; it was used in sacrifices (by way of augury, see below), in sharing booty or an inheritance; in law the order in which suits came on was decided by lot, in banquets the seats of honour were so assigned (e. g. who was to sit next to the daughter of the house), etc. Many words in the language refer to this old rite, and the ceremony is thus described: en hluti skyldi skera ok í skaut bera, FmS. vii. 140; kom þat ásamt með þeim at hluti skyldi bera í skaut, … skyldi því hvárir-tveggju una sem hlutr segði, vóru þá hlutir markaðir; þá mælti Norðbrikt til Gyrgis: ‘lát mik sjá hversu þú markar þinn hlut at vit markim eigi báðir einn veg;’ hann gerði svá; síðan markaði Norðbrikt sinn hlut, ok kastaði í skaut ok svá báðir þeir; síðan gékk sá maðr at er til (upp, v. l.) skyldi taka, ok tók upp annan hlutinn milli fingra sér …; síðan var at hugat þeim hlutinum ok kenndu þar allir mark Gyrgis, vi. 136, 137: hverr maðr er sök hefir með at fara í dóm, þá skal hlut bera í skaut, einn, þótt hann hafi fleiri sakar í dóm þann, hverr maðr skal merkja hlut sinn ok bera alla saman í skaut, ok skal maðr taka fjóra hluti senn upp, Grág. i. 37; bjóða til hlutfalla ok bera þar hluti í skaut, 74; menn báru þá hluti sína í skaut ok tók jarlinn upp; … svá sagði hlutr til, at Egill skyldi sitja hjá jarls-dóttur um kveldit, Eg. 247; en þá er tólfmenningr var skipaðr til at sitja ok settir hlutir til hverr næst skyldi sitja Ástríði, dóttur Vigfúss hersis, ok hlaut Eyjólfr ávalt at sitja hjá henni, Glúm. 331: nú ræða þeir um goðorðit ok verða eigi ásáttir, vildi hverr sinn hlut (case) fram draga; þá leggja þeir hluti í skaut, ok kom jafnan upp hlutr Silfra, FS. 68; þeir lögðu hluti á, ok hlaut Þrándr, Fær.
hlutr
2. of sacrifice; vóru þá görvir hlutir af vísinda-mönnum (soothsayers), ok feldr blótspánn til, en svá gékk fréttin, at …, FaS. i. 452; cp. hristu teina ok á hlaut sá, Hym. 1; and, þá kná Hænir hlautvið kjósa (= taka upp hluti), Vsp. l. c.; see also hlaut, hlauttein, p. 270.
hlutr
II. the hlutir were talismans or little images, which people used to wear on their persons; síðan tekr jarl skálar (scales) góðar … ok fylgðu tvau met (weights), annat af gulli en annat af silfri; þar var á líkneskja manns, ok hétu þat hlutar (hlotar sem fornmönnum var títt at hafa, add. in v. l.), ok fylgði sú náttúra, at þá er jarl lagði þá í skálarnar, ok kvað á hvat hvárr skyldi merkja, ok ef sá kom upp (turned up) er hann vildi, þá breylti sá í skálinni svá at varð glamm af. Jarl gaf Einari skálarnar ok varð hann glaðr við ok síðan kallaðr Einarr Skálarglam, Jómsv. S. (1824) 37, 38; hlutr er horfinn ór pússi þínum sá er Haraldr konungr gaf þér í Hafrsfirði, ok er hann nú kominn í holt þat er þú munt byggja, ok er á hlutnum markaðr Freyr af silfri, FS. 19; ok vili Freyr þar láta sinn hlut niðr koma er hann vill sitt sæmdar-sæti setja, 22; cp. Landn., hann sendi Finna tvá í hamförum til Íslands eptir hlut sínum, 174; hann hefir líkneski Þórs í pungi sínum af tönn gört …; nú fannsk engi sá ‘hlutr’ í hans valdi, FS. 97: the ‘gumna heillir’ or talismans, mentioned in Sdm., were prob. hlutir.
hlutr
B. metaph., without the actual drawing of lots:
hlutr
I. a share, allotment, portion; skal þat þeirra er biskup lofar skilnað, hafa slíkan hlut fjár (portion) við annat, Grág. i. 329: of booty, hann færði Ölvi skip sín ok kallar þat vera hlut hans, Nj. 46: of a finder’s share, heimtir hlut af sauðunum, Háv. 40; halda til hlutar, id.
hlutr
β. esp. of a fisherman’s share of the catch, Band. 4, cp. Höfuðl. 1; a fishing boat has one or two hundred … í hlut, each of the crew (hásetar) taking his ‘hlutr,’ and besides this there was a færis-hlutr (line share) or netja-hlutr (net share), skips-hlutr (ship’s share), and lastly for-manns-hlutr (foreman’s share, he getting double); see the remarks on aflausn.
hlutr
γ. a share, lot, portion, of inheritance, often in early Dan. law, where the daughter received a half, the brother a whole portion, sun til ful lot, oc dotær til half lot, WaLd. Sjæll. Lov., p. 1;—whence in Dan. broder-lod, söster-lod, = a brother’s, sister’s portion; en komi jafnmikit fé á hlut hvers þeirra, Grág. (Kb.) i. 220: of duty, kom þat á hlut Andreas postula, 625. 64.
hlutr
2. metaph. phrases; láta hlut sinn, to let go one’s share, be worsted, FmS. i. 74, Fb. ii. 62; þeirra h. brann við, got singed, Hkr. ii. 178; þinn hlutr má ekki verða betri en góðr, thy case cannot be better than good, is as good as it can be, Nj. 256; ella muntú finna á þínum hlut, thou shalt find it to thy cost, Ld. 98; þeirra h. varð æ minni ok minni, their lot grew ever worse and worse, FmS. x. 250; eigi skyldi hennar h. batna við þat, her case should not mend with that, Nj. 52; sitja yfir hlut e-s, to oppress, weigh a person down, Eg. 512, Nj. 89, Fb. iii. 450; mínka sinn hlut, to yield one’s lot (right), 451; láta sinn (hlut) undir liggja, to let one’s lot be the nethermost, Bárð.; leggja hlut sinn við e-t, to throw in one’s lot with a thing, to espouse a cause, run a risk, Lv. 45 (twice), Fb. iii. 166, Sturl. i. 162 C; eigi mundi svá Sverrir gera, ef hann ætti várn hlut, S. would not do so if he had our lot, our cards in his hand, FmS. viii. 392; eigi mundir þú svá renna frá þínum manni, ef þú ættir minn hlut, xi. 72; hafa (fá) hærra (meira, lægra) hlut, to get the better (less) share, to get the best (worst) of it, to win or lose, Eb. 194, FS. 32, 113, Nj. 90, 224, FaS. i. 252, FmS. vi. 412, viii. 284, Hkv. 2. 19; hafa allan hlut mála, BS. i. 82; eiga hlut at e-u, to own a share in, take part (interest) in, interfere (meddle) in a thing, be concerned about, Eb. 124, Nj. 27, 101, 119, FmS. xi. 83; þar er þú ættir hlut at, wherein thou wast concerned, Nj. 54; nú mun eigi mega sitjanda hlut í eiga, to take a sitter’s part in it, i. e. not stir in the matter, 110; hér munu eigi gæfu-menn í hlut eiga, 179; hafa inn vesta hlut af, to behave meanly, Eg. 271.
hlutr
II. a part, Lat. pars; enn efra hlut Hrunamanna-hrepps, Landn. 312: mestr h. liðs, the most part of the body, Eg. 275; meiri hlutr, búa, dómanda …, the majority of the neighbours, judges …, Nj. 237, Grág. i. 79; tíundi h. eyrir, a tenth part of an ounce, 357: byggja jörð til hlutar, to lease an estate in shares, n. G. l. i. 137: sjau hlutum ljósari, seven times brighter, Eluc. 44; tveim hlutum dýrra, twice as dear, Landn. 243; eins hlutar (on the one hand) … annars hlutar (on the other hand), 625. 172.
hlutr
III. a case, thing, Lat. res; hvern hlut, everything, Nj. 53; á engum hlut, in nothing, FmS. ii. 27; í öllum hlutum, in everything, passim; allir hlutir, all things, Edda 147 (pref.); aðra hluti, other things, FmS. i. 213; alla hluti þá er …, all things whatsoever, Ld. 18; allir þeirra hlutir, all their things, FmS. x. 250; fjórir eru þeir hlutir (cases) er menn ber í átt, Grág. i. 361; hverngi hlut (reason) er maðr vill til þess færa, 179; fyrir tengda sakir ok annarra stórra hluta er hér hvarfla í milli, Nj. 147; undarlegr, kynlegr h., a strange thing, Ld. 200, FmS. x. 169; iðna slíka hluti, Grág. i. 149; eru þér stórir hlutir á höndum, FmS. vii. 30: a deed, fact, orðinn h., a bygone thing, Fr. fait accompli, Nj. 20; einn lítill h., a little thing, small matter, FmS. ix. 448.
hlutr
β. with neg. adv. = Engl. naught; görðit hlut þiggja, Am. 94; ekki lyt (lyf MS.), Skv. 1. 9; engi hluta(r), noways, 656 C. 25.

Possible runic inscription in Younger Futhark:ᚼᛚᚢᛏᚱ
Younger Futhark runes were used from 8th to 12th centuries in Scandinavia and their overseas settlements

Abbreviations used:

acc.
accusative.
A. S.
Anglo-Saxon.
Dan.
Danish.
Engl.
English.
gen.
genitive.
Germ.
German.
gl.
glossary.
Goth.
Gothic.
Hel.
Heliand.
Icel.
Iceland, Icelander, Icelanders, Icelandic.
l.
line.
l. c.
loco citato.
m.
masculine.
n.
neuter.
nom.
nominative.
O. H. G.
Old High German.
Ormul.
Ormulum.
pl.
plural.
prob.
probably.
q. v.
quod vide.
S.
Saga.
Scandin.
Scandinavia, Scandinavian.
sing.
singular.
Swed.
Swedish.
v.
vide.
e. g.
exempli gratia.
etc.
et cetera.
v. l.
varia lectio.
cp.
compare.
f.
feminine.
id.
idem, referring to the passage quoted or to the translation
esp.
especially.
i. e.
id est.
metaph.
metaphorical, metaphorically.
L.
Linnæus.
Lat.
Latin.
Fr.
French in etymologies.
pref.
preface.
adv.
adverb.
neg.
negative.

Works & Authors cited:

Fms.
Fornmanna Sögur. (E. I.)
Jómsv. S.
Jómsvíkinga Saga. (E. I.)
Eg.
Egils Saga. (D. II.)
Fs.
Forn-sögur. (D. II.)
Fær.
Færeyinga Saga. (E. II.)
Glúm.
Víga-Glúms Saga. (D. II.)
Grág.
Grágás. (B. I.)
Fas.
Fornaldar Sögur. (C. II.)
Vsp.
Völuspá. (A. I.)
Landn.
Landnáma. (D. I.)
Sdm.
Sigrdrífu-mál. (A. II.)
Háv.
Hávarðar Saga. (D. II.)
Nj.
Njála. (D. II.)
Band.
Banda-manna Saga. (D. II.)
Höfuðl.
Höfuðlausn. (A. III.)
Kb.
Konungs-bók. (B. I, C. I, etc.)
Bárð.
Bárðar Saga. (D. V.)
Bs.
Biskupa Sögur. (D. III.)
Eb.
Eyrbyggja Saga. (D. II.)
Fb.
Flateyjar-bók (E. I.)
Hkr.
Heimskringla. (E. I.)
Hkv.
Helga-kviða Hundingsbana. (A. II.)
Ld.
Laxdæla Saga. (D. II.)
Lv.
Ljósvetninga Saga. (D. II.)
Sturl.
Sturlunga Saga. (D. I.)
Eluc.
Elucidarium. (F. II.)
N. G. L.
Norges Gamle Love. (B. II.)
Edda
Edda. (C. I.)
Fr.
Fritzner’s Dictionary, 1867.
Am.
Atla-mál. (A. II.)
Skv.
Sigurðar-kviða. (A. II.)
➞ See all works cited in the dictionary

Also available in related dictionaries:

This headword also appears in dictionaries of other languages descending from Old Norse.

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