Garðr

Old Norse Dictionary - garðr

Meaning of Old Norse word "garðr" in English.

As defined by the Cleasby & Vigfusson Old Norse to English dictionary:

garðr Old Norse word can mean:

garðr: m. [Ulf. gards = οικος; A. S. geard; Engl. yard, garth, garden; O. H. G. gart; Germ. garten; Dan.-Swed. gård; Lat. hortus]:

garðr: I. a yard (an enclosed space), esp. in compds, as kirkju-g., a church-yard; vín-g., a vineyard; stakk-g., a stack-yard; hey-g., a hay-yard; kál-g., a kale-yard; urta-g., a kitchen-garden; aldin-g. and gras-g., a garden; dýra-g., a ‘deer-yard,’ a park:—garðr, alone, is a hay-yard (round the hay-ricks); hence garðs-seti or garð-seti, q. v.

garðr: 2. a court-yard, court and premises; þeir ganga út í garðinn ok berjask, Edda 25, a paraphrase from ‘túnum’ in Gm. 41; þeir Grímr hittu menn at máli úti í garðinum, Eg. 109; þá sá hann at öðrum-megin í garðinum brunaði fram merkit, Ó. H. 31; ganga til garðs, 71; mikill kamarr (privy) var í garðinun, id.; en er þeir Hrærekr sátu í garðinum, 72; fóru þegar þangat í garðinn sem líkin vóru, id.; er hann kom heim í þorpit ok gékk um garðinn, FmS. x. 218; gengið hef eg um garðinn móð, gleðistundir dvína, a ditty; innan stokks (within doors) eða í garði úti, Gþl. 136; eigi nenni ek at hann deyi undir görðum mínum, Lv. 59:—a fishyard, Vm. 14.

garðr: 3. esp. in Norway, Denmark, and Sweden, a house or building in a town or village, [Dan. gaard = Icel. bær]; hann var í Hróiskeldu ok átti þar garð, Bjarn. 6; Egill spurði hvar g. sá væri í borginni (in York) er Arinbjörn setti, Eg. 407; hann var í garði þeim er Hallvarðs-g. var kallaðr, BS. i. 634; í garð Arons, 636; konungs-g., the king’s yard, FmS. passim and in records referring to Norway. garða-leiga, u, f. house-rent, H. E. i. 394. garða-sól, f., botan. the orach, Hjalt. garðs-bóndi, a, m. a house-owner, Grett. 103, Jb. 157. garðs-horn, n. a ‘yard-nook,’ cottage, FaS. iii. 648: esp. in tales, in the phrase, kongur og drottning í ríki sínu og karl og kerling í Garðshorni, Ísl. ÞjóðS. passim: the saying, það er ekki krókr að koma í Garðshorn. garðs-húsfreyja, u, f. a town-lady, Grett. 158 A: in Icel., where the whole population are country-folk, this sense of garðr is only used in metaph. phrases, saws, = home, house; kemr engi sá til garðs (to the house) at viti hvat í sé, Band. 13; fátækum manni er til garðs kemr, Dipl. ii. 14; hyggjum ver at í yðvarn garð hafi runnit, into your hands, your possession, Ld. 206; helmingr skal falla í minn garð, the half shall fall into my share, Fær. 117; skal aukask þriðjungi í þínum garði, in thy keeping, Nj. 3; þótt nökkut komi þat ór várum garði, 54; leggja málaferli í garð e-s, to bring a case home to one, Sturl. ii. 27; þess alls ens ílla sem þá var honum í garð borit, all the evil that was brought to his door, Hom. 119; Guð í garði ok góð Jól, a greeting, Grett. 99 (MS.); líðr vetr ór garði, the winter passed by, Nj. 112; ríða í garð, to arrive (of a rider), Sturl. iii. 185; ríða ór garði, to depart, Ld. 96; ríða um garð, to pass by; vísa gestum á garð várn, FaS. iii. 5; göra e-n af garði (mod. ór garði), to equip one when departing, e. g. a son, a friend, or the like; eigi ertú svá af garði görr sem ek vilda (a mother to a departing son), Grett. 94; hversu herralega keisarinn görði hann af garði, Karl. 148; ok hefða ek gört þik af garði með gleði ok fagnaði, Stj. 181; but esp. to endow a daughter when married, göra dóttur sína vel (ílla) ór garði, etc.; búa í garð, to prepare; hann hefir svá í garðinn búit, he has made his bed so: the phrase, það er allt um garð gengið, all past, done, bygone; föður-g., father house, paternal house; bú-garðr, an estate: also in poets, í Eyjafirði upp á Grund á þann garðinn fríða, a ditty:—a local name of several farms in Icel., Garðr, sing., or more usually Garðar, Landn., prob. from corn-fields: the saying, víðar er Guð enn í Görðum, addressed to presumptuous people who think God is God only for themselveS.

garðr: 4. denoting a stronghold; tann-g., the ‘tooth-wall,’ the teeth and gums, Gr. ερκος οδόντων; Ás-garðr, the hold of the gods, Edda; Mið-garðr, Middle-hold, i. e. the earth; Út-garðar, Outer-hold, where the giants dwell, Edda: the phrase, ráðast á garðinn þar sem hann er laegstr, to assault the weakest part, to encroach upon the weak and helpless.

garðr: 5. in western Icel. a heavy snow-storm is called garðr.

garðr: II. in Icel. sense a fence of any kind; garðr of þjóðbraut þvera, Grág. ii. 264: in the law phrase, garðr er granna sættir, a fence (yard) is a settler among neighbours (i. e. forms the landmark), Gþl., Jb. 258; leggja garða, to make fences, Rm. 12, Landn. App. 325; þeir biðu hjá garði nokkurum, Nj. 170: esp. the fence around the homefield, also called tún-g., Grág. i. 82, 453, Nj. 83, 114, Eg. 766, Ld. 148. Ísl. ii. 357, passim; skíð-g., a rail fence; grjót-g., a stone fence; torf-g., a turf fence; haga-g., the hedge of a pasture, Eb. 132; tún-g., a ‘tún’ fence; virkis-g., a castle wall, Fb. ii. 73 (in a verse); stíflu-g., a ditch: rif-g., a swathe.

garðr: COMPDS: garðsendi, garðshlið, garðskrókr, garðsrúst, garðsönn.

garðr: III. Garðar, m. pl. (í Görðum), Garða-ríki or Garða-veldi, n. the empire of Gardar, is the old Scandin. name of the Scandinavian-Russian kingdom of the 10th and 11th centuries, parts of which were Hólm-garðar, Kænu-garðar, Nov-gorod, etc.; the name being derived from the castles or strongholds (gardar) which the Scandinavians erected among the Slavonic people, and the word tells the same tale as the Roman ‘castle’ in England; cp. the interesting passage in Ó. H. ch. 65—ok má enn sjá þær jarðborgir (earth-works, castles) ok önnur stórvirki þau er hann görði,—K. Þ. K. 158, FmS., Ó. H. passim, (cp. Munch Det Norske Folks Hist. i. 39 sqq.); the mod. RusS. gorod and grad are the remains of the old Scandin. garðr = a castle; cp. Gerzkr, adj. from Gardar, i. e. Russian,

garðr: β. Mikli-garðr—the ‘Muckle-yard’ the Great town, i. e. Constantinople, passim.

garðr: COMPDS: Garðaríkismenn, GarðskonunGr.

Possible runic inscription in Younger Futhark:ᚴᛅᚱᚦᚱ
Younger Futhark runes were used from 8th to 12th centuries in Scandinavia and their overseas settlements

Abbreviations used:

A. S.: Anglo-Saxon.

Dan.: Danish.

Engl.: English.

f.: feminine.

Germ.: German.

gl.: glossary.

l.: line.

Lat.: Latin.

m.: masculine.

n.: neuter.

O. H. G.: Old High German.

S.: Saga.

Swed.: Swedish.

Ulf.: Ulfilas.

esp.: especially.

q. v.: quod vide.

v.: vide.

id.: idem, referring to the passage quoted or to the translation

botan.: botanically.

e. g.: exempli gratia.

etc.: et cetera.

Icel.: Iceland, Icelander, Icelanders, Icelandic.

metaph.: metaphorical, metaphorically.

mod.: modern.

pl.: plural.

prob.: probably.

sing.: singular.

Gr.: Greek.

i. e.: id est.

adj.: adjective.

ch.: chapter.

cp.: compare.

Scandin.: Scandinavia, Scandinavian.

Works & Authors cited:

Edda: Edda. (C. I.)

Eg.: Egils Saga. (D. II.)

Fms.: Fornmanna Sögur. (E. I.)

Gm.: Grímnis-mál. (A. I.)

Gþl.: Gulaþings-lög. (B. II.)

Lv.: Ljósvetninga Saga. (D. II.)

Ó. H.: Ólafs Saga Helga. (E. I.)

Vm.: Vilkins-máldagi. (J. I.)

Band.: Banda-manna Saga. (D. II.)

Bjarn.: Bjarnar Saga. (D. II.)

Bs.: Biskupa Sögur. (D. III.)

Dipl.: Diplomatarium. (J. I.)

Fas.: Fornaldar Sögur. (C. II.)

Fær.: Færeyinga Saga. (E. II.)

Grett.: Grettis Saga. (D. II.)

H. E.: Historia Ecclesiastica Islandiae. (J. I.)

Hjalt.: Hjaltalín, Icelandic Botany.

Hom.: Homiliu-bók. (F. II.)

Ísl. Þjóðs.: Íslenzkar Þjóðsögur.

Jb.: Jóns-bók. (B. III.)

Karl.: Karla-magnús Saga. (G. I.)

Landn.: Landnáma. (D. I.)

Ld.: Laxdæla Saga. (D. II.)

Nj.: Njála. (D. II.)

Stj.: Stjórn. (F. I.)

Sturl.: Sturlunga Saga. (D. I.)

Eb.: Eyrbyggja Saga. (D. II.)

Fb.: Flateyjar-bók (E. I.)

Grág.: Grágás. (B. I.)

Rm.: Rígsmál. (A. II.)

K. Þ. K.: Kristinn-réttr Þorláks ok Ketils = Kristinna-laga-þáttr. (B. I.)

➞ See all works cited in the dictionary

Also available in related dictionaries:

This headword also appears in dictionaries of other languages descending from Old Norse.