Gagn-

Old Norse Dictionary - gagn-

Meaning of Old Norse word "gagn-" in English.

As defined by the Cleasby & Vigfusson Old Norse to English dictionary:

gagn- Old Norse word can mean:

gagn-
an adverbial prefix:
gagn-
A. [Cp. the adv. gegn], gain- (in gainsay), counter, esp. in law terms:—hence gagna-gögn, n. pl. counter-proofs, Grág. i. 106. gagn-augu, n. pl. ‘counter-eyes,’ temples. gagn-dyrt, n. adj. with doors opposite one another, FaS. ii. 181. gagn-gjald, n., prop. a ‘countergild,’ antidote, a Norse law term, which seems identical with mundr or tilgjöf, opp. to heiman-fylgja, dowry, which in case of the husband’s death or divorce was to be the wife’s property; gjöf and gagngjald are distinguished, n. G. l. i. 29; þá skal hon þarnast gagngjalds ok gjafar, 51. gagn-görð, f. transgression, 15. 1 (MS.) gagn-hollr, adj. kind to one another, Hm. 31. gagn-kvöð, f. a counter-summons, Grág. ii. 102. gagn-mælendr, part. pl. gain-sayers, opponents, Mart. 114. gagn-mæli, n. gain-saying, contradiction, FmS. x. 403, Stj. 331. gagn-nefna, u, f. a mutual nomination, of arbitrators, Grág. i. 495. gagn-staða, u, f. ‘gain-staying,’ resistance, FmS. x. 387, Hom. (St.) 43. gagnstöðu-flokkr, m. the opposite party, FmS. viii. 323: gagnstöðu-maðr, m. an opponent, adversary, 623. 12, 655 xvi. B. 3: gagn-staðleikr (-leiki), m. the contradictory, reverse, Stj. 263. gagn-staðligr, adj. (-liga, adv.), contrary, opposed to, FmS. i. 263, viii. 326, x. 233, Stj. 29, 73, Ó. H. 195, SkS. 576. gagn-staðr, adj. id., Stj. 163, FmS. viii. 323. gagn-stæðligr and gagn-stæðiligr, adj. = gagnstaðligr, FmS. ix. 528, SkS. 111, 130, 337, Stj. 335, FS. 172. gagn-sök, f. a counter-action, counter-charge, a law term,—the defendant brought forth counter-charges, to be set off against those of the prosecutor, vide Nj. passim, Grág. i. 294, K. þ. K. 160, FS. 74, 125, Grett. 151, Valla l. 204, Rd. 300. gagn-tak, n. a ‘holder against,’ the strap to which the girth is attached, FmS. vii. 170, Sturl. iii. 114, Glúm. 393, Hkr. iii. 283, Karl. 458, Flor. 78; also called mót-tak. gagn-vert and gagn-vart, n. adj., used as prep. and adv., over against, with dat., Eg. 206, FmS. vi. 32, vii. 253. xi. 34, Nj. 34, Sd. 163; sitja g. e-m, FS. 148; g. sólunni, 1812. 133; g. dyrum, Gullþ. 26, Fbr. 37, 64, passim:—as adv., Landn. 62, FmS. ii. 27, xi. 125.
gagn-
B. [Cp. gegnum and the adj. gegn], through, right through, straight; and so thorough, thoroughly, very (in which sense gay or gey is still used in Scot. and North. E., Jamieson Suppl. S. v.):—hence gagn-drepa, adj. wet through. gagn-færiligr and gagn-færr, adj. through-going, used as transl. of the Lat. penetrans, Stj. 89, 656 A. i. 34, 655 xxxii. 19. gagn-gört, n. adj. straight, Fb. iii. 296, Gísl. 38. gagn-hræddr, adj. ‘gay’ (i. e. very) frightened, FmS. iv. 147, 625. 18. gagn-kunnigr, adj. knowing thoroughly. gagn-leiði, n. the ‘ganest’ (i. e. shortest) way, Al. 92. gagn-orðr, adj. ‘gane-worded,’ speaking shortly, to the point, Nj. 38; (opp. to marg-orðr or lang-orðr.) gagn-skeytiligr, adj. to be shot through, SkS. 398 B. gagn-skorinn, part. scored through, i. e. cut through by fjords, rivers, etc., FaS. iii. 511: also thoroughly scored, i. e. carved all over, Vígl. 48 new Ed. gagn-stígr, m. a ‘gane’ way, short cut, Al. 109, SkS. 2, FmS. vii. 82 (in a verse). gagn-sæll, adj. through-seeing, penetrating, SkS. 208, (rare.) gagn-sær, adj. transparent, Rb. 354; gagnsætt gler, Hom. 128. gagn-vátr, adj. wet through. gagn-vegr, m. [Swed. genväg] = gagnstígr, Hm. 33. gagn-þurr, adj. dry all through, quite dry.

Possible runic inscription in Younger Futhark:ᚴᛅᚴᚾ-
Younger Futhark runes were used from 8th to 12th centuries in Scandinavia and their overseas settlements

Abbreviations used:

adj.
adjective.
adv.
adverb.
dat.
dative.
esp.
especially.
f.
feminine.
id.
idem, referring to the passage quoted or to the translation
l.
line.
L.
Linnæus.
m.
masculine.
n.
neuter.
opp.
opposed.
part.
participle.
pl.
plural.
prop.
proper, properly.
S.
Saga.
v.
vide.
þ.
þáttr.
etc.
et cetera.
gl.
glossary.
i. e.
id est.
Lat.
Latin.
North. E.
Northern English.
Scot.
Scottish.
s. v.
sub voce.
Swed.
Swedish.
transl.
translation.

Works & Authors cited:

Eg.
Egils Saga. (D. II.)
Fas.
Fornaldar Sögur. (C. II.)
Fbr.
Fóstbræðra Saga. (D. II.)
Fms.
Fornmanna Sögur. (E. I.)
Fs.
Forn-sögur. (D. II.)
Glúm.
Víga-Glúms Saga. (D. II.)
Grág.
Grágás. (B. I.)
Grett.
Grettis Saga. (D. II.)
Gullþ.
Gull-Þóris Saga. (D. II.)
Hkr.
Heimskringla. (E. I.)
Hm.
Hává-mál. (A. I.)
Hom.
Homiliu-bók. (F. II.)
Karl.
Karla-magnús Saga. (G. I.)
K. Þ. K.
Kristinn-réttr Þorláks ok Ketils = Kristinna-laga-þáttr. (B. I.)
Landn.
Landnáma. (D. I.)
Mart.
Martinus Saga. (F. III.)
N. G. L.
Norges Gamle Love. (B. II.)
Nj.
Njála. (D. II.)
Ó. H.
Ólafs Saga Helga. (E. I.)
Rd.
Reykdæla Saga. (D. II.)
Sd.
Svarfdæla Saga. (D. II.)
Sks.
Konungs Skugg-sjá. (H. II.)
Stj.
Stjórn. (F. I.)
Sturl.
Sturlunga Saga. (D. I.)
Valla L.
Valla Ljóts Saga. (D. II.)
Al.
Alexanders Saga. (G. I.)
Fb.
Flateyjar-bók (E. I.)
Gísl.
Gísla Saga. (D. II.)
Rb.
Rímbegla. (H. III.)
Vígl.
Víglundar Saga. (D. V.)
➞ See all works cited in the dictionary

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